{"id":1804,"date":"2022-12-06T14:49:00","date_gmt":"2022-12-06T19:49:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/site.ac-martinique.fr\/anglais\/?p=1804"},"modified":"2023-11-16T18:42:48","modified_gmt":"2023-11-16T23:42:48","slug":"test","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/site.ac-martinique.fr\/anglais\/?p=1804","title":{"rendered":"Phonology: Basics and Quizzes"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image size-full\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"350\" height=\"198\" src=\"https:\/\/site.ac-martinique.fr\/anglais\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/92\/2022\/12\/nuage_1670431493816.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-2456\" srcset=\"https:\/\/site.ac-martinique.fr\/anglais\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/92\/2022\/12\/nuage_1670431493816.jpg 350w, https:\/\/site.ac-martinique.fr\/anglais\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/92\/2022\/12\/nuage_1670431493816-300x170.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 350px) 100vw, 350px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:66px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\"><span style=\"color:#ff0000\" class=\"tadv-color\">The 44 sounds of English<\/span><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>There are&nbsp;<strong>44 sounds in English&nbsp;<\/strong>. In comparison, there are 37 sounds in French.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There are 24&nbsp;<strong>consonant sounds<\/strong>, 12&nbsp;<strong>monophthong vowel sounds&nbsp;<\/strong>and 8&nbsp;<strong>diphthong vowel sounds<\/strong>. Diphthongs are a combination of two vowel sounds.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>The most common sound&nbsp;<\/strong>in English is what makes it difficult for French learners to understand English:&nbsp; it is called the&nbsp;<strong>SCHWA sound<\/strong>. Its symbol in IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet) is an reversed \u00ab\u00a0e\u00a0\u00bb&nbsp;<strong>&nbsp;\/\u0259\/&nbsp;<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A chart illustrates all the sounds of English. It is called the&nbsp;<a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" href=\"https:\/\/view.genial.ly\/613243d11158810de7808eaa\" target=\"_blank\">\u00ab\u00a0<strong>Phonemic chart<\/strong>\u00ab\u00a0<\/a>&nbsp;. All the sounds are organized in a specific way.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h5p-panel-link-0-0\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" class=\"underline\">24 consonant sounds<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>There are<strong>&nbsp;24 consonant sounds.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>These consonants are produced in different ways. It is useful for English teachers to know how consonant sounds are produced and what they are called so that they can explain how to produce these sounds to the students. However, students in primary or secondary schools don&rsquo;t need to know these scientific terms: plosive, nasal, fricative, affricate, approximant, bilabial, dental, glottal, alveolar, palato-aveolar&#8230;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Some consonant sounds are<strong>&nbsp;voiced or unvoiced<\/strong>. A&nbsp;<strong>voiced sound releases air<\/strong>&nbsp;through the trachea: windpipe , so the vocal cords vibrate. If you<strong>&nbsp;place your hand on your throat<\/strong>, you should feel the vibration. This is an easy way for students to become aware of voiced sounds (voiced consonants and all vowel sounds)<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><iframe id=\"h5p-iframe-19\" class=\"h5p-iframe\" data-content-id=\"19\" style=\"height:1px\" src=\"about:blank\" frameBorder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"Glissez les sons consonne \u00e0 gauche\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h5p-panel-link-0-0\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" class=\"underline\">12 monophthong vowel sounds<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>There are&nbsp;<strong>12 monophthong vowel sounds<\/strong>&nbsp;in English.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>All vowel sounds are voiced sounds.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><iframe id=\"h5p-iframe-14\" class=\"h5p-iframe\" data-content-id=\"14\" style=\"height:1px\" src=\"about:blank\" frameBorder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"Man from peru - sons voyelles\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h5p-panel-link-0-0\"><span style=\"text-decoration: underline\" class=\"underline\">8 diphthong sounds<\/span><\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p>Diphthongs are a&nbsp;<strong>combination of two vowels sounds<\/strong>&nbsp;that glide from the first vowel to the second to form a single phoneme (and syllable). There are&nbsp;<strong>8 diphthongs<\/strong>&nbsp;in the English language.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><iframe id=\"h5p-iframe-24\" class=\"h5p-iframe\" data-content-id=\"24\" style=\"height:1px\" src=\"about:blank\" frameBorder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"Same Sound: Glissez les mots sur la carte son correspondante.\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:24px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p>\u00c9coutez la dict\u00e9e de mots si besoin<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><iframe id=\"h5p-iframe-25\" class=\"h5p-iframe\" data-content-id=\"25\" style=\"height:1px\" src=\"about:blank\" frameBorder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"Ecoute les 14 mots\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><iframe id=\"h5p-iframe-26\" class=\"h5p-iframe\" data-content-id=\"26\" style=\"height:1px\" src=\"about:blank\" frameBorder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"record\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:66px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h5p-panel-link-0-0\"><span style=\"color:#ff0909\" class=\"tadv-color\">Stress and Rhythm<\/span><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>English is a<strong>&nbsp;stress-timed language,<\/strong>&nbsp;while French is syllable-timed<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In stress-timed languages,&nbsp;&nbsp;the accented or stressed syllables are pronounced at regular intervals while the unstressed syllables are shortened to keep the rhythm.&nbsp;&nbsp;.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Content words or lexical words<\/strong>&nbsp;are the words in a sentence that contain or convey information. These wwords are nouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In words of more than one syllable,&nbsp;<strong>only one syllable is stressed. The stressed syllable is more dynamic, longer, louder, and higher in pitch<\/strong>.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>In phonetics, the stress (accent)&nbsp; is indicated by an apostrophe &nbsp;(&lsquo;)&nbsp;before the stressed syllable \/&rsquo;s\u026al\u0259bl\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Unstressed vowel sounds<\/strong>&nbsp;are usually pronounced in their&nbsp;<strong>weak forms<\/strong>, and very often with a&nbsp;<strong>SCHWA sound&nbsp;\/\u0259\/<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><iframe id=\"h5p-iframe-13\" class=\"h5p-iframe\" data-content-id=\"13\" style=\"height:1px\" src=\"about:blank\" frameBorder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"Man from Peru - Content words\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:66px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h5p-panel-link-0-0\"><span style=\"color:#ff0000\" class=\"tadv-color\">Linking<\/span><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Linking<\/strong>,&nbsp;occurs when&nbsp;<strong>word boundaries merge together<\/strong>&nbsp;to ease the shift from one word to another<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There are two main types of linking<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211;&nbsp;<strong>catenation<\/strong>:&nbsp;when the last sound of a word is a consonant (C) and the first sound of the next word is a vowel.(V)&nbsp;<br>example: \u00ab\u00a0what is it?\u00a0\u00bb&nbsp; \/w\u0252t \u026az \u026at\/ &#8211;&gt; \/w\u0252 t\u026a z\u026at\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211;&nbsp;<strong>intrusion<\/strong>: when an extra sound, either \/r\/, \/w\/ or \/j\/,&nbsp;intrudes between two words<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>examples: \u00ab\u00a0law and order\u00a0\u00bb \/l\u0254\u02d0 \u0259n\u02c8\u0254\u02d0d\u0259\/ &#8211;&gt; \/l\u0254\u02d0&nbsp;<strong>r<\/strong>\u0259n\u02c8\u0254\u02d0d\u0259\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; \u00ab\u00a0blue automobile\u00a0\u00bb \/blu\u02d0&nbsp;\u02c8\u0254\u02d0t\u0259m\u0259\u028abi\u02d0l\/ &#8211;&gt; \/blu\u02d0&nbsp;\u02c8<strong>w<\/strong>\u0254\u02d0t\u0259m\u0259\u028abi\u02d0l\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; \u00ab\u00a0She answered\u00a0\u00bb \/\u0283i \u02c8\u0251\u02d0ns\u0259d\/ &#8211;&gt; \/\u0283i \u02c8<strong>j<\/strong>\u0251\u02d0ns\u0259d\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:66px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"wp-block-heading\" id=\"h5p-panel-link-0-0\"><span style=\"color:#ff0000\" class=\"tadv-color\">Assimilation<\/span><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Assimilation&nbsp;<\/strong>occurs in connected speech when one or more<strong>&nbsp;sounds change in contact with other sounds.<\/strong>&nbsp;Assimilations can occur within words or between two words.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>There are 3 types of assimilations.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211;&nbsp;<strong>progressive assimilation<\/strong>:&nbsp;a preceding sound has an effect on a following one<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>example: \u00ab\u00a0read&nbsp;<strong>th<\/strong>is\u00a0\u00bb \/ri:d \u00f0\u026as\/ &#8211;&gt; \/ri:d dis\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211;<strong>regressive assimilation<\/strong>&nbsp;:&nbsp;a following sound has an effect on a preceding one<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>example: \u00ab\u00a0ha<strong>v<\/strong>e to \u00a0\u00bb \/h\u0259v t\u028a\/ &#8211;&gt; \/h\u0259f to\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&#8211;&nbsp;<strong>coalescent assimilation (yod coalescence)&nbsp;<\/strong>:&nbsp;a fusion of 2 sounds resulting in a new sound.&nbsp; Coalescent assimilation occurs in English when an alveolar plosive or fricative &nbsp;\/t, d, s, z\/&nbsp; is followed by a semi-vowel \/j\/ to produce &nbsp;\/t\u0283\/,&nbsp;\/d\u0292\/,&nbsp;\/\u0283,\/ or \/\u0292\/,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>example: \u00ab\u00a0don&rsquo;<strong>t y<\/strong>ou?\u00a0\u00bb, \/d\u0259\u028ant j\u0259\/ &#8211;&gt; \/d\u0259\u028an\u02a7<a href=\"https:\/\/tophonetics.com\/#\">j<\/a>\u0259\/&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"h5p-iframe-wrapper\"><iframe id=\"h5p-iframe-20\" class=\"h5p-iframe\" data-content-id=\"20\" style=\"height:1px\" src=\"about:blank\" frameBorder=\"0\" scrolling=\"no\" title=\"test-dictation\"><\/iframe><\/div>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:66px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n\n\n\n<h1 class=\"h2 {color:#894511} wp-block-heading\" id=\"h5p-panel-link-0-0\"><span style=\"color:#f70000\" class=\"tadv-color\">Elision<\/span><\/h1>\n\n\n\n<p>Elision is the omission of a sound in speech. Elision is common in casual conversation. Elision may refer to the omission of an unstressed vowel, consonant, or syllable.&nbsp;Elision is common in 3 consonant sound clusters<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>examples: \u00ab\u00a0fast car\u00a0\u00bb \/f\u0251\u02d0st k\u0251\u02d0\/ &#8211;&gt; \/f\u0251\u02d0s k\u0251\u02d0\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; \u00ab\u00a0Britain\u00a0\u00bb \/\u02c8br\u026atn\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>&nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; &nbsp; \u00ab\u00a0cup of tea\u00a0\u00bb \/k\u028cp \u0259 &nbsp;ti\u02d0\/<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div style=\"height:66px\" aria-hidden=\"true\" class=\"wp-block-spacer\"><\/div>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>The 44 sounds of English There are&nbsp;44 sounds in English&nbsp;. In comparison, there are 37 sounds in French. There are 24&nbsp;consonant sounds, 12&nbsp;monophthong vowel sounds&nbsp;and 8&nbsp;diphthong vowel sounds. Diphthongs are a combination of two vowel sounds. The most common sound&nbsp;in English is what makes it difficult for French learners to understand English:&nbsp; it is called [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":237,"featured_media":2456,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[32],"tags":[70,52],"class_list":["post-1804","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ressources-pedagogiques","tag-phonetique","tag-phonologie"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/site.ac-martinique.fr\/anglais\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1804","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/site.ac-martinique.fr\/anglais\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/site.ac-martinique.fr\/anglais\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/site.ac-martinique.fr\/anglais\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/237"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/site.ac-martinique.fr\/anglais\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1804"}],"version-history":[{"count":39,"href":"https:\/\/site.ac-martinique.fr\/anglais\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1804\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2482,"href":"https:\/\/site.ac-martinique.fr\/anglais\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1804\/revisions\/2482"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/site.ac-martinique.fr\/anglais\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/2456"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/site.ac-martinique.fr\/anglais\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1804"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/site.ac-martinique.fr\/anglais\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1804"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/site.ac-martinique.fr\/anglais\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1804"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}